Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities is a painful but chronic health concern that leads to several other health problems. Not only must it be addressed at the earliest but dental decay should be taken seriously before you begin losing your most valuable assets, crucial for human health. Keeping your teeth healthy and free from decay requires good oral hygiene practices, a balanced diet, and, of course, regular dental visits. The article deals with causes and ways to protect your teeth.
Also Read: 5 Easy And Effective Ways To Remove Dental Plaque
What Causes Dental Caries?
Dental caries or cavities occur when the hard tissues of the teeth such as enamel, dentin, and cementum are damaged by acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. Here is why tooth decay happens:
Bacterial Plaque Formation
A sticky, colorless film of bacteria forms on your teeth and when you eat, the bacteria in plaque convert sugars and carbohydrates into acids. Over time, plaque transforms into more harmful biofilm if not removed, making it difficult to clean.
Acid Production
Bacteria in the plaque metabolize sugars from your diet, producing acids as a byproduct. These acids erode tooth enamel, the hard outer layer of the tooth. Repeated acid attacks weaken the enamel and lead to the formation of cavities.
Enamel Degradation
The acids produced by bacteria lead to the loss of minerals from the enamel. This process is called demineralization. If demineralization is not reversed by remineralization through fluoride and other minerals, the enamel can become porous and eventually develop into cavity.
Tartar
If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar also called calculus. It majorly contributes to the formation of cavities and gum disease.
Dietary Factors
Frequent consumption of sugary or acidic foods and drinks provides constant fuel for bacteria to produce acids. A diet lacking in essential nutrients can weaken tooth enamel and oral health.
Bad Oral Hygiene
Irregular brushing allows plaque to build up, leading to acid production and tooth decay. Using incorrect brushing techniques or not brushing long enough can also contribute to plaque accumulation.
Saliva Production
Saliva can wash away food particles and neutralize acids. Reduced saliva production (due to medications or medical conditions,) can increase the risk of dental decay.
Genetic Factors
Some people are more susceptible to tooth decay due to genetic factors affecting enamel strength and saliva composition.
How To Prevent Tooth Decay?
While access to less dental care can also impact the risk of tooth decay, here are some effective methods to help you maintain healthy teeth:
Brush Regularly: Use fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush to brush your teeth for at least two minutes each time. This helps remove plaque. Moreover, make sure you floss once in two days.
Limit Sugary Foods And Drinks: Sugars and carbohydrates feed the bacteria in your mouth, leading to acid production that can erode tooth enamel. Avoid sugary snacks, sodas, and canned juices.
Eat A Balanced Diet: Add plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and dairy products. Foods rich in calcium and vitamin D and leafy greens are beneficial for maintaining strong teeth and bones.
Avoid Smoking: Tobacco products can contribute to gum disease, tooth discoloration, and other oral health issues. Quit smoking to keep your oral health better.
Use Fluoride Products: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and makes it more resistant to decay. A fluoride toothpaste, fluoride rinse or an antimicrobial mouthwash can help reduce plaque and bacteria in your mouth, helping to upkeep overall oral health.
Visit Your Dentist Regularly: Schedule check-ups and dental cleanings or scaling every five to six months. Your dentist will identify early signs of decay and provide professional cleaning to remove tartar buildup.
(This article is reviewed by M Sowmya Binu Health And Nutrition Expert)
Author Profile:
Preeti Sharma:
Preeti Sharma has a master’s in electronic media and mass communication and certification in short-term writing from Florida. With close to a decade of experience, she specializes in crafting engaging blogs on beauty, veterinary care, and healthy cooking. Preeti is proficient in video editing tools and produces captivating and informative content across multiple platforms.
References:
- Tooth Decay Is the Most Prevalent Disease
CAPT Christine Heng, DDS, MPH, USPHS
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6373711/
- https://www.ijcmph.com/index.php/ijcmph/article/view/10786
