Dental disease is one of the most common health issues in cats, often affecting felines of all ages, and yet it remains one of the most overlooked aspects of cat care. Just like humans, cats can suffer from a variety of dental issues, ranging from mild tartar buildup to severe conditions like periodontal disease. Dental disease in cats is a common but preventable condition. Regular care, including brushing, proper diet, and routine veterinary visits, can significantly reduce the risk of dental issues and help maintain your cat’s overall health. Cat owners need to understand the causes of dental disease, recognize the symptoms, and take proactive steps to manage their feline's oral health.
What Causes Dental Disease In Cats?
A common risk factor for dental disease in cats is the buildup of plaque and tartar on the teeth. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth after eating, and if not removed, it hardens into tartar. Over time, this tartar can irritate the gums, leading to gingivitis and, if left untreated, progress to more severe conditions like periodontal disease, which can result in tooth loss.
The following factors contribute to dental problems in cats:
Poor Diet
Cats that primarily consume soft, wet food may be more prone to dental disease. Wet food doesn't help scrape off plaque from their teeth as dry kibble does. While some cats may have an easier time with wet food due to preference or health reasons, feeding them a combination of both wet and dry food can help maintain better oral hygiene.
Lack Of Regular Oral Care
Cats do not naturally maintain their teeth the way some animals do. Without regular brushing or dental checkups, plaque and tartar accumulate quickly.
Genetics
Some cat breeds are genetically predisposed to dental issues. For example, breeds like Persians, Siamese, and Maine Coons may be more likely to develop dental problems earlier in life.
Age
Older cats are at a higher risk of developing dental issues because, over time, plaque builds up and the gums may start to recede, exposing the tooth roots and making the teeth more vulnerable to decay and infection.
Underlying Health Conditions
Cats with weakened immune systems or other health conditions like kidney disease or diabetes are more prone to dental disease, as their ability to fight off infection is compromised.
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Symptoms Of Dental Disease in Cats
It is challenging for cat owners to notice dental disease, as cats are excellent at hiding pain and discomfort. However, there are several signs to look out for:
Bad Breath: One of the first noticeable symptoms of dental disease is bad breath. While a cat’s breath may naturally have an odor, foul-smelling breath is often an indication of poor oral hygiene or infection.
Changes in Eating Habits: Cats suffering from dental issues may exhibit changes in their eating habits. This can include reluctance to eat, dropping food, or eating less often due to discomfort or pain while chewing.
Excessive Drooling Or Drooling Blood: If you notice your cat drooling more than usual, or if there’s blood in the saliva, it could be a sign of gum inflammation, infected teeth, or oral ulcers.
Pawing At The Mouth: Cats often paw at their mouths or faces when they are in pain or discomfort. If your cat rubs its face against furniture or scratches its mouth frequently, this could indicate oral issues.
Visible Plaque Or Tartar: A clear sign of dental disease is visible tartar buildup on the teeth, especially along the gum line. You may also notice red, swollen, or bleeding gums in more advanced cases.
Difficulty Eating: If dental pain becomes severe, cats may avoid eating altogether, leading to weight loss or a noticeable decrease in their overall condition.
How To Prevent And Treat Dental Disease In Cats?
Feline dental health needs attention. Managing dental disease in cats requires a combination of preventive care, early intervention, and ongoing maintenance. By keeping an eye for symptoms and addressing dental problems early, you can ensure your cat’s teeth and gums stay in good shape for years to come. Here are some tips to keep your catty’s teeth in pink health.
Regular Brushing
Brushing your cat’s teeth is the most effective way to prevent plaque and tartar buildup. Use toothbrushes and toothpaste made for cats and brush your cat’s teeth daily or at least a few times a week.
Dental Chews
There are various dental chews and toys designed for cats that can help scrape away plaque. Look for toys or treats specifically made to promote oral health. These can be a great addition to your cat's oral care routine, especially if they are hesitant to have their teeth brushed.
Annual Veterinary Checkups
Regular veterinary visits are crucial for monitoring your cat's oral health. Your vet can perform a thorough oral exam, clean your cat’s teeth, and detect early signs of dental disease that might not be visible to you.
Diet Or Special Food
There are specially formulated cat foods that help reduce plaque and tartar buildup. These diets typically have a larger kibble size or a texture that helps clean teeth as the cat chews. Consider incorporating a balanced diet that includes both wet and dry food options to encourage natural teeth cleaning.
Pain Management And Treatment
If your cat is diagnosed with a dental issue, treatment may involve pain relief, antibiotics to treat infections, and possibly the extraction of damaged teeth. In some severe cases, teeth may need to be removed if they are beyond saving.
(This article is reviewed by Soumita Basu Ayurveda Pharma Expert)
Author Profile:
Preeti Sharma has a Master's in Electronic Media and Mass Communication and certification in short-term writing from Florida. With close to a decade of experience, she specializes in crafting engaging blogs on beauty, veterinary care, and healthy cooking. Preeti is proficient in video editing tools and produces captivating and informative content across multiple platforms.
References:
Dental Problems and Prophylactic Care in Cats—Knowledge and Perceptions among Swedish Cat Owners and Communication by Veterinary Care Staff
Kristin Oskarsson
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8469879/
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6769323/
