Coleus (Coleus forskohlii) is a remarkable herb with a storied history in traditional medicine, particularly within Ayurvedic practices. Known for its vibrant green leaves and potent therapeutic properties, Coleus has been used for centuries to address a variety of health concerns. The herb’s active compound, forskolin, has garnered significant attention for its role in supporting cardiovascular health, aiding in weight management, and enhancing respiratory function. With its broad range of benefits, Coleus stands out as a versatile and powerful addition to natural health regimens, offering a time-tested solution for modern wellness needs.
How To Identify Coleus?
The Coleus plant has ovate or heart-shaped leaves, 2-5 inches long, with serrated edges and a slightly rough texture. The leaves are typically green, but some varieties show red or purple hues. The stems are square or angular and may turn woody over time. Coleus produces small, tubular flowers in clusters, usually blue or purple. The plant grows to about 1-2 feet tall and has a bushy, spreading appearance. It thrives in tropical climates and prefers well-drained soil with partial shade to full sun.
Coleus Geographical Distribution
Coleus (Coleus forskohlii) is native to tropical regions of Asia, particularly found in India, Nepal, and Thailand. It thrives in warm, humid climates and is commonly grown in well-drained, fertile soils. Beyond its native range, Coleus is cultivated in other tropical and subtropical areas around the world, including parts of Africa and the Pacific Islands, where it adapts well to similar environmental conditions.
Coleus Biochemical Constituents
The primary active ingredient in coleus is forskolin, a labdane diterpenoid that influences cellular processes by increasing levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the body. Other components include:
- Chlorogenic acid
- Caffeic acid
- Coumaric acid
- Rosmarinic Acid
- Carvacrol and Thymol
- Diterpenes and Alkaloids
- Volatile oils (e.g., α-pinene, caryophyllene, and γ-terpinene, p-bisabolene, alpha & y-curcumene) which contribute to its aroma and flavour.
Coleus Medicinal Properties
Coleus is sanctified with the following therapeutic qualities:
- Anti-Inflammatory: Reduces inflammation and associated pain, beneficial for conditions like arthritis.
- Antioxidant: Neutralizes free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative damage and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.
- Anti-Hypertensive: Lowers blood pressure by dilating blood vessels and improving cardiovascular function.
- Bronchodilator: Relaxes bronchial muscles, aiding in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions.
- Weight Management: Stimulates fat breakdown and boosts metabolic rate, supporting weight loss efforts.
- Digestive Aid: Enhances digestive enzyme activity, alleviates symptoms of indigestion, bloating, and constipation.
- Anti-Microbial: Exhibits properties that help combat bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.
- Thyroid Support: Supports thyroid function and helps regulate thyroid hormone production.
- Mood Enhancement: May improve mood and support mental health by influencing neurotransmitter activity.
- Antipyretic: Helps reduce fever and manage symptoms associated with infections.
Coleus Health Benefits
Supports Weight Management:
Coleus contains forskolin, a compound that boosts the production of cyclic AMP (cAMP), which enhances fat metabolism and breaks down stored fat. This can aid in weight loss by increasing metabolic rate and promoting lean muscle mass.
Also Read: 5 Proven Home Remedies To Get Rid Of That Adamant Belly Fat
Enhances Cardiovascular Health:
Forskolin in Coleus helps in dilating blood vessels, reducing blood pressure, and improving overall heart function. It can prevent heart-related issues by lowering hypertension and improving circulation, contributing to better cardiovascular health.
Relieves Respiratory Disorders:
The bronchodilator effect of Coleus relaxes the muscles around the airways, making it beneficial for managing asthma, chronic bronchitis, and other respiratory conditions. It helps open the airways and improve breathing.
Also Read: Respiratory Health: 5 Incredible Herbs To Boost Your Lung Power
Improves Digestive Health:
Coleus stimulates digestive enzyme production, promoting effective digestion and nutrient absorption. It alleviates symptoms of indigestion, bloating, and constipation, ensuring a healthier digestive system.
Enhances Thyroid Functions:
Coleus aids in regulating thyroid hormones, thus supporting thyroid health. This can help in managing conditions related to thyroid dysfunction, such as hypothyroidism, by promoting balanced hormone levels.
Relieves Pain:
The anti-inflammatory properties of Coleus help reduce inflammation and pain associated with conditions like arthritis. It can provide relief from joint pain and swelling, improving mobility and quality of life.
Treats Oxidative Stress:
Coleus contains antioxidants that combat oxidative stress and neutralize free radicals. This protection helps reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as cancer and heart disease, by preventing cellular damage.
Boosts Immunity:
Coleus exhibits antimicrobial effects against various pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It can be used to treat infections and support the immune system in defending against harmful microorganisms.
Also Read: Immunity Boosters: 6 Powerful Herb Infused Concoctions You Must Have For Enhanced Health
Uplifts Cognitive Functions:
Coleus may improve cognitive function by increasing cAMP levels in the brain. This can enhance memory, focus, and mental clarity, potentially benefiting individuals with cognitive decline or neurodegenerative conditions.
Improves Mood:
Coleus has been shown to influence neurotransmitter activity, which can help in managing stress and improving mood. It may aid in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, contributing to overall mental well-being.
Coleus Culinary Uses
In addition to their medicinal properties, coleus leaves are used in various cuisines for flavoring dishes. It is not commonly used in mainstream culinary practices but can occasionally be found in the traditional cuisines of the regions where it grows. The plant’s leaves have a unique, slightly bitter flavor and are sometimes used as a garnish or in salads for their distinctive taste. In some cultures, Coleus is also used in herbal teas or as a flavoring in traditional dishes for its aromatic properties. They are also popular in Indian cooking, often used in chutneys, salads, and as a condiment for meats and fish.
Method of Consumption
Coleus can be consumed in several forms:
- Oral Supplements: Available in capsules or liquid extracts, typically standardized to contain a specific percentage of forskolin.
- Tea: Dried leaves can be steeped in hot water to make a herbal tea.
- Culinary Use: Fresh leaves can be added to dishes for flavor enhancement.
Coleus Dosage
The appropriate dosage of Coleus depends on the form and purpose of use. Here are some general guidelines:
Capsules/Tablets: 100-250 mg of Coleus extract (standardized to 10% forskolin) taken 1-2 times daily.
Powder: 1-2 grams daily, mixed with water or juice.
Tincture: 5-10 drops, 2-3 times daily.
Inhalation: A single dose of forskolin powder may be used for asthma relief, but caution is advised due to potential side effects.
Note: Always consult with your doctor or the healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen and to know the correct dosage depending upon your health condition.
Coleus Side Effects
While coleus is generally safe in recommended doses, it can cause side effects, especially at higher doses. These include:
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Diarrhoea, nausea, stomach cramps, constipation, and vomiting.
- Respiratory Effects: Throat irritation and cough when inhaled.
- Cardiovascular Effects: Low blood pressure, which can be dangerous for those already experiencing hypotension.
- Interactions with Medications: May interact with blood thinners, antihypertensive drugs, and medications for heart conditions.
Coleus Precautions
Several precautions should be taken when using coleus:
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Coleus may be unsafe during pregnancy as it could affect fetal growth. Its safety during breastfeeding is not well established.
- Bleeding Disorders: Forskolin may increase bleeding risk; caution is advised for individuals with bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulants.
- Heart Conditions: Individuals with heart disease or low blood pressure should use coleus cautiously, as it may exacerbate these conditions.
- Surgery: Discontinue use at least two weeks prior to surgery to reduce bleeding risk.
Conclusion
Coleus (Coleus forskohlii) is a versatile herb with numerous health benefits, from weight management and cardiovascular health to respiratory support and improved digestion. Its active compound, forskolin, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic properties. However, it is essential to use Coleus responsibly and under the guidance of a healthcare professional to ensure safety and effectiveness. With proper usage, Coleus can be a valuable addition to your natural health regimen, promoting overall wellness and vitality.
(This article is reviewed by Kalyani Krishna Chief Content Editor)
Author Profile
Soumita Basu:
Soumita Basu holds a Bachelor's Degree in Pharmacy and is keenly interested in Ayurveda, home remedies, yoga, fitness, diagnostics, and beauty. With nearly 6 years of experience, she produces evidence-based health content, including articles, videos, and infographics, to provide valuable insights to her audience.
References:
1. Coleus aromaticus: a therapeutic herb with multiple potentials
Authors: Dadasaheb D. Wadikarcorresponding author and Prakash E. Patki
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5052183/
2. Extraction and elemental analysis of Coleus forskohlii extract
Authors: Haritha Kanne, Narayan Pandurang Burte,1 V. Prasanna, and Ravi Gujjula2
