India is no stranger to scorching summers, but recent years have seen a significant rise in the frequency and intensity of heat waves. A heatwave is continued exposure to excessively hot weather that can pose serious health risks if not managed properly.
Our capital recorded an all-time high temperature of 52.9 degrees Celsius last week, and intense heat conditions pervaded across the northern and western parts of India. Students fainted in schools, and drinking water taps dried down in many parts of the nation. Weather reports stated that Delhi had witnessed a rise of 45 degrees Celsius temperatures the previous year, but never such highs.
As temperatures soar, it's essential to know about common symptoms of heat-related sickness and to know effective ways to prevent complications. Dive into this article to learn how to stay safe and healthy during a heatwave in India.
Also Read: Excessive Body Heat: 7 Simple Ways To Bring It Down
Symptoms of Heat-Related Illnesses
Heat-related illnesses can develop a wide range of issues, from mild conditions, such as heat rash and cramps, to more serious complications like heat exhaustion and heat stroke.
Here are the key symptoms to look out for:
Heat Rash
Red clusters of small blisters
Itching or prickling sensation on the skin
Heat Cramps
Muscle cramps or pain, usually in the legs, arms, or abdomen
Heat Exhaustion
Heavy sweating
Weakness or fatigue
Dizziness or fainting
Nausea or vomiting
Headache
Rapid heartbeat
Heat Stroke
Body temperature rising above 104°F or 40°C
Altered mental state or confusion
Slurred speech
Hot, dry skin or profuse sweating
Rapid breathing and heart rate
Seizures
Loss of consciousness
Also Read: Heat Stroke: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment
Ways to Prevent Complications
Preventing heat-related illnesses requires a proactive approach, especially during extreme heat conditions. Here are some effective measures to stay safe:
Good Hydration
It is essential to drink an ample amount of water, even if you don’t feel thirsty. Water is considered the best option to quench your thirst, but oral rehydration solutions can prevent electrolyte and fluid imbalance.
Restrict having high caffeine or alcohol-containing beverages, as they can make you dehydrate easily and increase the risk of complications.
Limit Outdoor Activities
Restrict doing high-intensity workouts during the hottest times of the day. Generally, stay indoors between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. and avoid any vigorous activities.
However, if you have any important work outside, take frequent breaks under shade or stay in a cool environment.
Right Clothing
Dress in lightweight, loose-fitting, and light-coloured clothing to reflect heat and sunlight.
Get a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses for additional protection.
Sunscreen
Use a broad range of sunscreen with at least SPF 30 to safeguard your skin from sunburn, which can impair your body’s ability to cool itself.
Stay Indoors
Use fans or air conditioning to maintain a cool indoor environment.
If your home is not air-conditioned, spend time in public places with air conditioning, such as malls or libraries.
Check On Vulnerable People
Watch on the elderly, young children and those with comorbid health conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, as they are highly prone to develop heat-related illnesses.
Ensure pets have access to water and shade.
Get Help
Seek immediate emergency services assistance if you or any person you know exhibits signs of heat stroke.
Move the person to a cooler environment, smear cold water on their face, and let them get adequate air to help lower their body temperature.
Conclusion
Heatwaves are a serious concern in India, but with the right knowledge and precautions, you can minimize the risk of heat-related illnesses. It is important to know about weather forecasts and heat advisories and proactively protect yourself and your loved ones. You can stay safe by staying hydrated, avoiding excessive heat, and knowing the symptoms of heat-related conditions.
References:
Heatwaves, medications, and heat-related hospitalization in older Medicare beneficiaries with chronic conditions
- Bradley Layton,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728169/
Treatment and Prevention of Heat-Related Illness ,Authors: Cecilia Sorensen, M.D., and Jeremy Hess, M.D., M.P.H
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcp2210623
