Fatty liver disease was once thought to be a medical condition affecting only adults, but it is now becoming increasingly common in children and teens owing to unhealthy food habits, lifestyle, obesity and physical inactivity. This disease occurs when fat in the form of triglycerides builds up in the liver, over a period, this can eventually lead to liver damage.
If left untreated, fatty liver disease can progress to more severe liver problems. Thus, parents need to understand the warning signs of fatty liver disease and take proactive steps to prevent and manage this condition effectively. Read this article to learn more about this condition.
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Understanding Fatty Liver Disease in Children
Fatty liver disease develops when excessive fat accumulates in liver cells. There are two main types:
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is most common in children and is mainly caused by obesity, unhealthy eating habits and physical inactivity.
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH is a severe form of NAFLD, where the liver is inflamed and cells are damaged, potentially leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis.
Are Kids At Increased Risk Of Fatty Liver Disease?
Children and teens are at a higher risk of fatty liver disease if they have:
Body mass index (BMI) indicates the overweight category, which is above the 85th percentile
Fat build-up around the abdomen, central obesity
Insulin resistance is when the system is not using the hormone insulin to regulate blood sugar levels
Prediabetes or Type 2
Abnormal levels of cholesterol and other fat-like substances in the blood.
Metabolic syndrome is a condition associated with uncontrolled blood pressure, high triglyceride levels, overweight and in a few cases irregular menstrual cycles.
Family history of fatty liver disease
Asian American and Hispanic children are also at increased risk of fatty liver disease
Also Read: Fatty Liver Disease: Here’s What You Should Eat And Avoid For Better Liver Health
Warning Signs of Fatty Liver in Children
Early stages of fatty liver disease may not show noticeable symptoms, making it essential for parents to be aware of potential warning signs:
Children may experience constant tiredness and low energy levels.
Minor pain or discomfort in the upper right side of the abdomen.
Fatty liver is often linked to obesity and excessive weight gain.
Acanthosis nigricans, dark velvety patches on the neck and underarms, can be a sign of insulin resistance.
A doctor may sometimes detect an enlarged liver during a physical examination.
Blood tests may show increased liver enzyme levels, indicating possible liver damage.
Effective Remedies to Prevent and Manage Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver disease can be worsening; however, it is reversible with proper lifestyle modifications. Here are some effective strategies to prevent and manage the condition:
Adopt A Healthy Diet
Make sure your child’s diet is filled with fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains and adequate amounts of lean proteins to support growth, repair and healing. Encourage the consumption of high-fiber foods like oats, whole wheat bread, millets, legumes, nuts and seeds to promote digestion and liver function.
Limit the intake of sugar-laden beverages, candies, processed foods and unhealthy fats. Stay away from high fructose-based corn syrup found in sodas, processed snacks and junk foods.
Also Read: 5 Incredible Home Remedies For Fatty Liver And To Enhance Liver Health
Maintain Weight
Encourage your child to get active and involved in regular activities like cycling, swimming or any sports. Following a balanced diet with consistent exercise may help to prevent obesity and related metabolic health problems. Get at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily like running, dancing, and yoga, which may help children boost their metabolism and reduce fat build-up in the liver.
Limit Sugar and Processed Foods
Excessive consumption of sugary foods leads to insulin resistance and fat build-up in the liver. A healthier way is to substitute sugary snacks with nuts, dried fruits, yogurt and fresh fruits.
Regular Health Check-Ups
If your child exhibits any of these symptoms or is at high risk, then get basic health check-ups and liver function tests done, which may help in early detection and management. A healthcare provider may recommend lifestyle changes and monitor liver enzyme levels if diagnosed.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Tests Can Help To Diagnose Fatty Liver Disease In Children?
Your doctor may recommend the following tests to help diagnose fatty liver disease:
Blood works which include liver function tests and CBC.
An ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) or vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) to examine the liver
How To Treat Fatty Liver Disease In Children?
The perfect treatment plan for fatty liver disease is modifying the lifestyle which includes cutting down junk and sugary foods, eating a wholesome diet and getting regular exercise.
What Happens If Fatty Liver Disease Is Left Untreated?
Fatty liver disease if untreated can lead to the accumulation of fat in the liver, and over a while, this leads to liver scarring. Eventually, this can lead to liver failure over many years. This condition is one of the most common causes of liver transplants in adults.
(This article is reviewed by Kalyani Krishna, Chief Content Editor)
Author Profile:
M Sowmya Binu:
With over 15 years of expertise and a Postgraduate degree in Nutrition, M Sowmya Binu is a seasoned professional in the field of nutrition. Specializing in tailoring personalized diet plans, she underscores the significance of a balanced approach to health, emphasizing the integration of medication with dietary intake for holistic wellness. Passionate about equipping individuals with knowledge to make informed decisions, Sowmya adeptly develops insightful content encompassing a wide array of topics including food, nutrition, supplements, and overall health.
References
Fatty liver in childhood
Yesim Ozturk 1,2, Ozlem Bekem Soylu 1,
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3953806/
Recent Advances in the Herbal Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Author links open overlay panel
Jia Xiao 1 2, Kwok Fai So (Prof.) , Emily C. Liong ,
George L. Tipoe (Prof.)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2225411016301821
