Pregnancy is a time of immense joy and transformation, but it also comes with its share of concerns, especially regarding health and immunity. One such recent concern is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)—a respiratory virus known to cause cold-like symptoms in most people but potentially more severe effects in vulnerable populations, including pregnant women.

With a naturally suppressed immune system during pregnancy, expectant mothers may wonder: Are they at greater risk of complications from HMPV? Understanding the virus, its potential risks, and the precautions necessary to ensure maternal and fetal well-being is crucial.
hmpv in women

In this short read, let us explore the relationship between HMPV and pregnancy, shedding light on whether the virus poses significant risks, what symptoms to watch for, and how to stay protected during this special time.

Explore our wide-range of lung supplements to manage respiratory infections during pregnancy!

Also Read: What is HMPV? Is It Contagious? Symptoms, Isolation, Should We Worry?

What Is HMPV and How Does It Impact Pregnancy?

According to the WHO, HMPV, which first originated in 2001, is a virus that primarily affects the respiratory tract, leading to symptoms similar to those of the common cold or flu. Discovered in 2001, this virus belongs to the same family as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and is a common cause of respiratory infections worldwide.

Common Symptoms of HMPV:

Cough
Nasal congestion
Fever
Shortness of breath
Fatigue

Also Read: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): Causes, Symptoms And Treatment

How Does Pregnancy Affect Immune Response to HMPV?

Pregnancy naturally suppresses certain immune responses to protect the developing fetus. However, this immune modulation can make pregnant women more susceptible to infections, including HMPV. While the virus is generally mild; complications can arise due to increased physiological demands during pregnancy.
hmpv

Can HMPV Lead To Complications During Pregnancy?

Although research on HMPV in pregnant women is limited, its similarities with other respiratory viruses suggest potential risks:

Respiratory Distress:

Severe HMPV infections can cause bronchitis or pneumonia, leading to respiratory distress. Pregnant women already experience reduced lung capacity, making severe symptoms more challenging to manage.

Preterm Labour:

Respiratory infections are linked to increased risks of preterm labour. While rare, inflammation caused by HMPV could potentially trigger early labour.

Low Birth Weight:

Maternal infections during pregnancy may affect fetal growth, potentially leading to low birth weight.

Hypoxia:

Severe respiratory infections can reduce oxygen levels in the mother, affecting oxygen delivery to the fetus and potentially leading to complications.
hmpv prevention

Effective Ways To Prevent HMPV During Pregnancy

Maintain Good Hygiene Practices

Preventing infection begins with hygiene:

Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
Avoid touching your face, especially your nose, mouth, and eyes.
Disinfect commonly touched surfaces.

Avoid Close Contact with Sick Individuals

HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets. Avoiding crowded places and contact with sick individuals can reduce the risk of exposure.

Strengthen Your Immune System

Eat a Well-Balanced Diet: Include fresh fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains.
Stay Hydrated: Proper hydration supports overall health.
Exercise Regularly: Engage in pregnancy-safe exercises.
Get Adequate Sleep: Rest is crucial for immune function.

Consult Your Doctor About Vaccines

While there is no specific vaccine for HMPV, staying up to date with influenza and other vaccines can help protect against respiratory complications.

Seek Early Medical Attention

If you experience respiratory symptoms during pregnancy, consult your healthcare provider promptly. Early intervention can prevent complications.

When to Seek Medical Help?

Pregnant women should seek immediate medical attention if they experience:

High fever that doesn’t respond to medication
Difficulty breathing
Persistent cough or chest pain
Reduced fetal movement

Conclusion

While HMPV is typically mild, its potential complications during pregnancy warrant attention. By adopting preventive measures, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and seeking early medical care, pregnant women can significantly reduce their risks. Prioritising health during pregnancy is crucial for both the mother and the baby.

Make cervical health and overall immunity a priority—consult your healthcare provider for personalised advice on managing risks during pregnancy.

Talk to your healthcare provider today to understand more about HMPV and pregnancy risks!

Frequently Asked Questions

Can HMPV harm the fetus?

HMPV itself is unlikely to harm the fetus directly. However, complications like hypoxia or preterm labour could pose risks.

Are pregnant women more prone to severe HMPV symptoms?

Pregnancy can increase the risk of severe symptoms due to reduced lung capacity and immune changes.

Is there a specific treatment for HMPV?

Treatment is primarily supportive, including hydration, rest, and symptom management. Severe cases may require hospitalisation.

Can HMPV be prevented during pregnancy?

Good hygiene, avoiding sick individuals, and maintaining a strong immune system are key preventive measures.

(This article is reviewed by Kalyani Krishna Chief Content Editor)

Author Profile

Soumita Basu:

Soumita Basu holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Pharmacy and is keenly interested in Ayurveda, home remedies, yoga, fitness, diagnostics, and beauty. With nearly 6 years of experience, she produces evidence-based health content, including articles, videos, and infographics, to provide valuable insights to her audience.

References:

The content provided here is for informational purposes only. This blog is not intended to substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider for any questions or concerns you may have regarding a medical condition. Reliance does not endorse or recommend any specific tests, physicians, procedures, opinions, or other information mentioned on the blog.