We all know that protein is one of the main macronutrients along with fat and carbohydrates, which are vital for the ideal functioning of the system. But, too much protein, mainly without little or no fats and carbs can be dangerous. This is something all of us must be aware of, considering the current scenario where most people follow high-protein diets.

Protein poisoning is a condition where a person consumes too much protein without an adequate amount of fat and carbohydrate for an extended period. The liver and kidneys hold a significant role in the metabolism of proteins. When huge amounts are taken, it can put the system at risk of high levels of ammonia, urea, and amino acids in the blood. Though this condition is very rare, protein poisoning can be life-threatening.
Protein poisoning

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Symptoms Of Protein Poisoning

Some of the symptoms include:

  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Mood changes
  • Weakness
  • Fatigue
  • Low blood pressure
  • Increased hunger and food cravings
  • Diarrhoea
  • Slow heart rate

Causes

The body to perform its several functions and processes needs these essential nutrients:

If there are too little or excess amounts of any of these nutrients, then it will hamper normal functioning. Though you’re getting sufficient calories from one micronutrient, assuring the right balance is vital for optimal well-being.

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A high intake of protein is defined as greater than 35% of the total calories a person consumes or more than 175 grams of protein for a 2000-calorie diet. The acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) is defined as the range that’s linked with decreased risk for chronic disease while meeting the body’s needs. The AMDR recommendation as per the Institute of Medicine:

Protein Intake: It is recommended that 10 to 35 percent of total calories should be met from proteins.

Carbohydrate Intake: 45 to 65 percent of total calories from carbohydrates.

Fat Intake: 20 to 35 percent of total calories from a healthy sources of fat.

However, there are exceptions to the AMDR for fat and carbs, but not for protein. Diet-associated exceptions like the ketogenic diet, where fat is the key nutrient, or plant-based diets where carbohydrates make up for more than 65% of the diet, however, these diets can offer health incentives.

When the protein intake exceeds 35% of calories, it doesn’t offer the same benefits and can lead to protein poisoning.

Other common causes of protein poisoning include:

  • Intake of protein-rich foods at odd hours
  • Excess consumption of protein supplements
  • Poor gut health for absorbing other vital nutrients

Recommended Daily Allowance

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for protein for healthy adults is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. This amount is vital to meet the daily needs of the system. But the recommendations for protein will vary depending on the:

  • Height
  • Weight
  • Physical activity level
  • Health conditions

Protein needs usually vary from 1.2 to 2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight.

Treatment

Treatment for protein poisoning is simple and effective. It mainly involves adding moderate amount of healthy carbohydrates and fats and reducing the intake of protein. Also increasing fibre intake and incorporating other vital vitamins, and minerals may help optimize overall health and well-being. Remember the key is to maintain balance.

What Happens When I Take High-Protein Diets?

Well, high-protein diets like Atkins, Keto, and paleo diets, motivate a person to consume a high-fat diet and add some amounts of good carbs, thus it is unlikely to result in protein poisoning.

Avoiding fats and carbs completely isn’t recommended. It’s essential to find the right diet that works best for you as per your lifestyle and assure there is no nutrient deficiency that needs to be filled.

Though protein poisoning is a rare condition, due to many diets that are encouraging high protein intake, it’s good to be aware of it. If you have any concerns about appropriate diet recommendations, seek advice from a registered dietitian, as your needs will vary based on several factors.