Worried about a delayed period but know you’re not pregnant? Missed periods can occur due to numerous reasons other than pregnancy. From hormonal fluctuations to medical problems, the causes are many.
Evidence reveals that the prevalence of irregular menstrual cycles is about 5-35 % depending on the age, occupation and place you live. And physiologically there are two times when it’s usual for your periods to be irregular- when menstruation first begins and during the start of menopause transition. As the system goes through these phases, the natural cycle can become quite irregular.
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A delayed period is medically termed amenorrhea, meaning no period for three or more months in a stretch. A normal menstrual cycle is about 28 days; however, a healthy cycle could range from every 21-40 days. If your cycle is longer than this, then it’s considered late, and it could be for the following reasons.
Read this article to learn about reasons for your period may be late besides pregnancy.
Also Read: Irregular Periods? Don’t Ignore It, Try These Remedies
Common Reasons for Delayed Periods
Stress
Stress can lead to hormonal imbalances, alters your regular schedule and can impact the part of the brain responsible for controlling periods – the hypothalamus. In the long run, it can lead to illness or sudden weight gain or loss, all of these can affect your cycle.
Engage in stress-easing techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises. Proper sleep routine and engaging in relaxing hobbies can also help.
Weight Fluctuations:
Being underweight or overweight can cause hormonal imbalances, impacting ovulation and menstrual cycles. Extreme weight loss or rapid weight gain can trigger delays or even missed periods.
Maintain a balanced diet and aim for a healthy BMI. Gradual weight management, with the help of a nutritionist, can stabilize hormone levels.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):
PCOS is a medical condition that makes your body produce more of the male hormone androgen. Cysts are formed on the ovaries due to hormonal imbalance and this can result in irregular ovulation or halt it altogether. In addition, insulin resistance can also to hormonal imbalance, which can lead to PCOS.
Seek advice from a healthcare provider for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise and a balanced diet, alongside prescribed medications, can help manage PCOS symptoms.
Thyroid Disorders:
Both hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) and hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) can affect the menstrual cycle by interfering with hormone production.
Regular check-ups to monitor thyroid function and, if necessary, thyroid hormone therapy under medical supervision.
Intense Exercise:
Over-exercising can lead to a decrease in estrogen levels, which may delay or stop menstruation altogether. This is particularly common in athletes or those who suddenly start an intense workout regime.
Balance intense workouts with adequate rest and proper nutrition. Gradually increase exercise intensity rather than starting with extreme routines.
Also Read: 5 Effective Foods To Combat Irregular Periods
Birth Control Pills:
If you are on a birth control pill on and off, then you may observe a change in the cycle. Birth control pills contain estrogen and progestin hormones, which avert ovaries from releasing eggs. It usually takes up to 90 days for the cycle to become regular again once you stop taking the pill.
Also, other methods of contraceptives that are implanted or injected can cause late periods as well.
If irregularities persist after a few months of use, consult a healthcare professional about adjusting or changing contraceptive methods.
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)
Most women begin menopause between 45-55, however, those who develop symptoms around 40 or earlier may be having primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) or early natural menopause. Less than 1 % of women before the age of 40 experience POI. Mostly this condition can occur from the surgical removal of the ovaries, other reasons include genetic disorders and autoimmune conditions.
Consult with your healthcare provider if you’re 40 years old or younger to discuss POI screening and treatment.
Chronic Illnesses:
Conditions like diabetes, celiac disease, and autoimmune disorders can indirectly influence menstrual regularity by affecting overall hormonal balance and metabolism.
Proper management of chronic illnesses through medication, diet, and lifestyle changes is essential for maintaining regular periods.
Effective Measures to Regularize the Menstrual Cycle:
Balanced Diet:
Ensure to consume a wholesome diet packed with essential nutrients, including iron, calcium, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamins B6 and D. Foods like leafy greens, fruits, nuts, seeds, and whole grains can promote hormonal balance.
Regular Exercise:
Engaging in moderate physical activity, such as walking, swimming, or yoga, can improve blood circulation and help in regulating hormonal activity. Avoid over or intense exercise that can negatively affect menstruation.
Herbal Remedies:
Herbs like ginger, cinnamon, and turmeric are known to have qualities that may aid in regulating menstrual flow. These can be consumed in infusion or added to meals.
However, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before using herbal remedies, especially if you have underlying health conditions.
Stay Hydrated:
Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration, disrupting hormonal function and affecting the menstrual cycle.
Proper Sleep Schedule:
A disrupted sleep pattern can lead to hormonal imbalances. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night to support the body’s natural rhythms.
Consult a Gynaecologist:
If irregular periods continue despite lifestyle modifications, seek medical advice. A healthcare provider can suggest certain blood works, and screening tests to determine an underlying medical issue, such as PCOS or a thyroid disorder, and recommend appropriate treatment.
(This article is reviewed by Preeti Sharma , Wellness Expert)
Author Profile:
M Sowmya Binu:
With over 15 years of expertise and a Postgraduate degree in Nutrition, M Sowmya Binu is a seasoned professional in the field of nutrition. Specializing in tailoring personalized diet plans, she underscores the significance of a balanced approach to health, emphasizing the integration of medication with dietary intake for holistic wellness. Passionate about equipping individuals with knowledge to make informed decisions, Sowmya adeptly develops insightful content encompassing a wide array of topics including food, nutrition, supplements, and overall health.
References:
Delayed Menstruation: Causes and Treatment
- Sher
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2058399/
The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature
Monitoring Editor: Alexander Muacevic and John R Adler
Ghalia M Attia,1 Ohood A Alharbi,corresponding author2 and Reema M Aljohani2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10733621/
